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Powerful Imagery and Themes in The Killer Angels Essay

In The Killer Angels, Michael Shaara fictionally illustrates the historical facts of the battle at Gettysburg. Shaara gives action and words to characters of another time, and then places these players on the stage of this great battle. Through the use of powerful biblical and non-biblical imagery and themes the epic nature of the battle at Gettysburg and its characters are enhanced. Such imagery and themes, combined with Shaaras fictionalization, help to contribute to why this single battle holds such monumental significance and influence upon the lives of Americans over a century removed from its occurrence. In the Foreword, before the battle begins, Shaara starts with a list of the principle players in the upcoming†¦show more content†¦This helps to give the entire event a timeless characteristic. The Confederates tend to fill the aspects of biblical imagery and themes in more numerous ways than that of the Union side. This is due, in part, to the fact that the Confederate Army had a more unified religious belief system as well as a solid, devotional-like faith in Lee as their leader. (Shaara ix) Lee is the pinnacle of the Confederate hierarchy. He is like an angel of the Lord (Shaara 67) in the presence of his men. On the first day of battle he is prompted from within himself to ride out to merely be seen by his soldiers in the midst of battle in order to boost morale. (Shaara 112) Not only is Lee aware of the importance he holds in the eyes of his men and the strength that he gives them, but also in his weakness and weariness. He does not attribute to himself qualities that superseded God. Shaara emphatically states that Lee believed absolutely in God. (Shaara x) Lees divinity is attributed to him by his men. For instance, Longstreet conveyed to Arthur Fremantle a conversation concerning Darwins theory of evolution. He stated that even though those discussing the issue agreed that Darwins theory was probably true, one person spoke out that Lee didnt come from no ape. (Shaara 138) This implies that in the eyes of his men, Lee was viewed as being apart from mere m ortals. Although Lee aloneShow MoreRelatedHow Does Conflict Manifest Itself in Romeo and Juliet?1509 Words   |  6 Pages2, after Juliet first learns that her lover Romeo has killed her cousin Tybalt. In anger Juliet describes Romeo as a â€Å"fiend angelica!† This quote is an oxymoron because fiend means devil or Satan, while the definition of angelica is angel or honorable. Since an angel cannot also be the devil the phrase is an oxymoron. Shakespeare uses this oxymoron to display the two sides of Romeo and the conflict which Juliet has within herself. When using this oxymoron Shakespeare shows the two sides of RomeoRead MoreShakespeare s Hamlet - Images Of Death, Decay, And Corruption2094 Words   |  9 Pages Throughout ‘Hamlet’ we have the images of death, decay, rottenness, and corruption embedded in the story. The imagery that Shakespeare uses in hamlet relates directly with the plots of the play perfectly. The corruptions images are illuminated in the beginning with Claudius own actions. The characters use metaphors of disease in the connection to sickness and rottenness. Within â€Å"Hamlet†, Shakespeare makes a number of references to Denmark s tainted state due to the deceitfulness that lies withinRead More Flannery OConnors Short Fiction Essay examples3159 Words   |  13 Pagesfact they only serve to enhance it, to elevate the mundane, sometimes laughably pathetic events that move her plots into sublime anti-parables, stories that show the way by elucidating the worst of paths. What at first seem senseless deaths become powerful representations of the swift justice of God; the self-deluded, prideful characters that receive the unbearable revelation of their own shallow selves are being impaled upon the holy icicle of grace, even if they are too stupid or lost to understandRead More The Importance of Duncan’s Murder in Macbeth Essay examples3082 Words   |  13 Pagesmurdering his King are very numerous. Thro ugh themes that include, imagery, soliloquies, atmosphere, and supernatural beings, Shakespeare enforces the magnitude of Macbeth’s crime. Most of these factors are linked together. One of the main ways in which the horror of the murder is underlined is through the Great Chain of Being. At the time this play was written, it was believed that there was a hierarchy in the universe, with God being at the top, then angels, then the King, then man, and finally animalsRead MoreHeavy Metal Music7270 Words   |  30 Pagespower.A 1977 review of a Motà ¶rhead concert noted how excessive volume in particular figured into the band’s impact.  Weinstein makes the case that in the same way that  melody  is the main element of  pop  and rhythm is the main focus of  house  music, powerful sound, timbre, and volume are the key elements of metal. She argues that the loudness is designed to sweep the listener into the sound and to provide a shot of youthful vitality. MUSICAL LANGUAGE * Rhythm and tempo The rhythm inRead MoreEudora Welty a Worn Path12166 Words   |  49 Pageswritten permission of the publisher. For complete copyright information on these eNotes please visit: http://www.enotes.com/worn−path/copyright Table of Contents 1. A Worn Path: Introduction 2. Eudora Welty Biography 3. Summary 4. Characters 5. Themes 6. Style 7. Historical Context 8. Critical Overview 9. Essays and Criticism 10. Compare and Contrast 11. Topics for Further Study 12. Media Adaptations 13. What Do I Read Next? 14. Bibliography and Further Reading 15. Copyright Introduction EudoraRead MoreEudora Welty a Worn Path12173 Words   |  49 Pagesthe written permission of the publisher. For complete copyright information on these eNotes please visit: http://www.enotes.com/worn−path/copyright Table of Contents 1. A Worn Path: Introduction 2. Eudora Welty Biography 3. Summary 4. Characters 5. Themes 6. Style 7. Historical Context 8. Critical Overview 9. Essays and Criticism 10. Compare and Contrast 11. Topics for Further Study 12. Media Adaptations 13. What Do I Read Next? 14. Bibliography and Further Reading 15. Copyright Introduction EudoraRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 PagesVanguard: Is Advertising Really Needed? 283 302 319 PART VI ETHICAL MISTAKES Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Merck’s Vioxx: Catastrophe and Other Problems MetLife: Deceptive Sales Practices Ford Explorers with Firestone Tires: A Killer Scenario Ill Handled 335 351 Conclusions: What We Can Learn 380 Chapter 24 Index 333 365 400 CHAPTER ONE Introduction A t this writing, Marketing Mistakes has passed its thirtieth anniversary. Who would haveRead MoreMarketing Management 14th Edition Test Bank Kotler Test Bank173911 Words   |  696 PagesInternets impact on the way business is conducted today, EXCEPT one. Identify the exception. A) It has facilitated high-speed communication among employees. B) It has empowered consumers with easy access to information. C) It can be used as a powerful sales channel. D) It has facilitated mass marketing but not the sale of customized products. E) It enables marketers to use social media to advertise their products. Answer: D Page Ref: 14-15 Objective: 4 AACSB: Use of IT Difficulty: Easy Read MoreTop 1 Cause for Project Failure65023 Words   |  261 Pages Lack of buyin from various areas of the company, to include sponsors and project teams can kill any project. I would say the biggest reason why website development projects fail, large or small, is content (database format - copy - imagery) not being thought through, understood, structured and/or provided by the customer at the right time. In many cases you are simply not able to mitigate the risk as clients do not have the budget or the time to undertake what is a huge task

10 Quotes to Help Celebrate a 30th Birthday

Some like a big splash, others like a quiet affair, but most everyone likes their birthday celebrations. If you like birthdays, even the morning of your birthday seems like the best morning of the year. Even if a cloud threatens to explode in the skies, you wake up feeling happy. You quickly go through your birthday greetings that come in the form of text messages, phone calls, and social media posts. And isnt it wonderful to receive flowers or a beautiful birthday cake, with a Happy Birthday card in it? You thank everybody who remembered your birthday. You feel a sense of joy when you express gratitude to your loved ones. Why Do We Enjoy Celebrating Birthdays? Once a year, you get the chance to be special. Friends, family, and loved ones wish you happiness, good health, and prosperity. They shower you with love, attention, gifts, and goodies. They spend time with you and share your happiness. The 30th birthday is special. You are now officially a mature and responsible adult who has the necessary wisdom to make important decisions in life. The 30th birthday heralds your adult status with measured indulgence. Here are some noteworthy quotes that put matters in the right perspective, ready to share in birthday cards and on cakes, during celebratory toasts, and more. Muhammad Ali The man who views the world at 50 the same as he did at 20 has wasted 30 years of his life. Hervey Allen The only time you really live fully is from 30 to 60. The young are slaves to dreams; the old, servants of regrets. Only the middle-aged have all their five senses in the keeping of their wits. Anonymous At the age of 20, we dont care what the world thinks of us; at 30, we worry about what it is thinking of us; at 40, we discover that it wasnt thinking of us at all. Georges Clemenceau Everything I know I learned after I was 30. Charles Caleb Colton The excess of our youth are checks written against our age, and they are payable with interest 30 years later. F. Scott Fitzgerald Thirty—the promise of a decade of loneliness, a thinning list of single men to know, a thinning briefcase of enthusiasm, thinning hair. Benjamin Franklin At 20 years of age, the will reigns; at 30, the wit; and at 40, the judgment. Robert Frost Time and tide wait for no man, but time always stands still for a woman of 30. Elbert Hubbard Ones 30th birthday and ones 60th are days that press their message home with iron hand. With his 70th milestone past, a man feels that his work is done, and dim voices call to him from across the Unseen. His work is done, and so illy, compared with what he had wished and expected! But the impressions made upon his heart by the day are no deeper than those his 30th birthday inspires. At 30, youth, with all it palliates and excuses, is gone forever. The time for mere fooling is past; the young avoid you, or else look up to you and tempt you to grow reminiscent. You are a man and must give an account of yourself. Lew Wallace A man 30 years old, I said to myself, should have his field of life all ploughed, and his planting well done; for after that it is summertime.

College Should Not Be Free Essay example - 720 Words

College should not be free. I personally dont think that college should be free. Students who pay for their college are more motivated, hard working and independent. Many students would have poor motivation to finish school, because they can always come back. As a matter of fact students with ambitions to get university degree are learning much harder in high school than other, who thinks they don’t need an extra paper. There are many students that are so smart, and they will find the way to get money for school. With extra work and help from family students will be able to afford college tuitions. Students need to depend on themselves; otherwise every taxpayer will have to cover their education expenses. There are several reasons why†¦show more content†¦For instance, financial aid forms, part time job, and assistantship program. There are many financial aid forms, like grants and loans, available which will help students afford college. Besides assistance from gove rnment students should look for eventual employment. Many students work either part or full time, while they are taking college classes, so that they are able to cover their tuitions, books and other fees. In addition to occupation students can look for help from colleges as well. Universities offer assistantships program, as a way to gain employee, in return offer significant financial help and tuition waiver. In general, college should not be free, because students might be unmotivated, lazy or unconcerned about their education. Having to work while going to school can be hard, but it can also teach students the value of a hard day’s work. As a matter of fact, college is a personal choice, not a requirement, and for the most part nobody is forced to attend third level of education. Those students who decide to go are well educated, they think in front about their future and their parents prepared them as much as they could. Students entering professions such medicine will be certainly able to repay their loans after graduation in truth, students may have some difficulty in few years as far as loans, but it’s obviously that with expected income in future there will be no problem to pay loans back. Students need to find a program or degreeShow MoreRelatedShould College Be Free College?848 Words   |  4 Pages Free College Why are not more people going to college? One obvious answer would be cost, especially the cost of tuition. But the problem is not just that college is expensive. It is also that going to college is complicated. Free college is not just about cultural and social, neither economic. It means navigating advanced courses, standardized tests, and forms. It means figuring out implicit rules-rules that can change. College graduates have higher employment ratesRead MoreShould College Be Free? Essay1520 Words   |  7 PagesShould college be free? A current universal problem poses this question. In today’s world, full of public education standards that hold students maybe too high and in a generation bogged down by student debt, this issue qualifies as a problem more than many are maybe even willing to admit. While the prospect of free college proposes excellent ideals such as a stronger and smarter generation, no student loan problems, and a higher educated society, the truth may a ctually lie in the reality thatRead MoreShould College Be Free College?1614 Words   |  7 Pagescandidates because of his belief that tuition and cost of living at public colleges and universities should be free. Free college has become one of the most talked about policy proposals on the campaign trail, but questions surround the policy, such as how it would work, how much it would cost and how it would affect students (Rhatican). Most colleges bundle their prices in terms of tuition and fees. In 1995, tuition for private colleges was around 14k, for Public out of state it was around 7k and for publicRead MoreShould College Be Free College?1688 Words   |  7 Pagesto cover the costs? Free college is now brought up as a debate whether or not students should receive free college tuition while attending college. Some individuals would like this idea, but I am definite the taxpayers would not like it or support it. If the government cannot afford what they are in debt with now, I am quiet uncertain how adding free college would help the debt go down. I am sure that the government would find some way to get their money back from allowing free tuition, or twice theRead MoreCollege Should Not Be Free876 Words   |  4 Pagesmake public college tuition free. A recent movement to federally mandate college funding has struck the interest of the lower, impoverished members of society. However, if college tuition were free it would be unfair, unregulated, and cost-ineffective in the long run. What does free really mean? Does it include just tuition, or room, board and books? Also, would it be completely free? Someone has to pay something somewhere down the line. There is no way to make college completely free. It would beRead MoreShould Colleges Be Free? Essay1186 Words   |  5 PagesShould colleges be free in America? It is a question that is more relevant today than ever before. As education is one key factor that determines the nation’s fate going forward, this question is worth debating. Making free college education may sound good theoretically but requires herculean efforts to make it practically possible. The main question is whether such program be effective in the long run or not? If, yes how long will the government able to support these costs and from where? Are tuitionRead MoreShould College Be Free?893 Words   |  4 Pagesor not college should be free. Images of students rallying and protesting can be often seen in the news. They are in favor of making college free. I disagree and feel that college should not be free. People would be more likely to fail because there would be no financial consequence, the financial burden would be passed on to taxpayers who wouldn’t even benefit from it, and it would not be fair to those who work hard through earning scholarships and serving in the military. College should not beRead MoreShould College Be Free844 Words   |  4 PagesShould college be free? Posted on  May 8, 2011  by  writefix Should college education be free, or should university students be required to pay tuition fees? Some countries have free education from kindergarten to university, while  students in other countries have to pay  at every step of the way.  This essay will look at some of the reasons for this difference  at university level. Free third level education has several advantages. First of all,  everyone can attend, so the gap between rich and poorRead MoreCollege Should Be Free759 Words   |  3 Pages Should the cost of earning a college degree be free? Some students,parents, and educators say that it is morally wrong for a child to spend their entire life going to public school for free and having them to just turn around and pay for college. The students, parents, and educators all would agree that the cost of obtaining a college degree should indeed be free. Those who are against this issue believe that the students themselves or their parents who are financially able should pay for someRead MoreShould College Be Free?1907 Words   |  8 PagesShould College Be â€Å"Free† in America? As many young millennials rally behind Bernie Sanders and his outlandish claims of free public college for all, others sigh and shake their heads in disapproval. Are these college students really entitled to free higher education? Is it every American’s unalienable right to have a college education? Despite the recent push for free college in the United States, the economic burden and drop in personal responsibility it would create proves that colleges should

The British s Involvement During The 1947-1948 War Of...

Chenika Bukes Over 20,000 people were murdered during the 1947-1948 War of Independence. The British s involvement in the conflict during the 1910 s-1940 s is responsible for those deaths through a narrative of events in the upcoming years to the war. The British fuelled the Arab-Israeli conflict by antagonising the Palestinian Arabs, by sentencing the Jewish people to death and by beginning the 1947-1948 Mandatory Palestine war of independence. The Arab-Israeli conflict roughly began with minor disagreements and altercations since the late 19th century up until present day. Whenever the British got involved in the conflict, something seemed to go wrong. The Arabs were antagonised by the British when the McMahon agreement was not seen through. The White paper, commissioned by the British, created a death sentence for the Jewish people- Dr.Weizmann (1939, June), and when the British withdrew from the conflict a series of events led to the 1947-1948 war of independence. The McMahon Agreement was constituted on the 24th of October 1915 between the Meccans and the British. Upon the rise of Arab nationalism, the Arabs (Meccans) pursued independence from the Ottoman Empire. Amir Abdullah, son of Hussein Bin Ali the Sharif of Mecca, visited the British general consul in Egypt in February of 1914. His incentive was to verify that the British will recognise Arab independence if they support the British in war with purpose to abdicate the Ottoman Turks. Then in 1917 theShow MoreRelatedArab Israeli Conflict 883 Words   |  4 Pagesessentially a dispute over the area known up until 1948 as Palestine, which is considered holy to all three major monotheistic religions.2 The primary parties in the conflict are Israeli (formerly Zionist) Jews and Palestinian Arabs (who are predominately Muslim).3 It is one of the unresolved problems bequeathed to the region by the British and French imperialist powers following the division of the Ottoman Empire between them at the end of World War 1.4 There are many features of the Middle East,Read MoreThe During World War II1567 Words   |  7 PagesDuring World War II, Singapore was conquered and occupied by the Japanese Empire from 1942 to 1945. British Military Administration was formed to govern the island until March 1946. Much of the infrastructure had been destroyed during the war, including electricity and water supply systems, telephone services, as well as the harbor facilities at the Port of Singapore. There was also a shortage of food leading to malnutrition, disease, and rampant crime and violence. High food prices, unemploymentRead MoreThe Creation Of Israel By John F. Kennedy1990 Words   |  8 PagesImmigrants, and World War II. â€Å"In the 1920’s, The League of Nations established a mandate for Great Britain in Palestine† (Benson). This means that Great Britain serves as the ruling power of Palestine. A few years later, Jewish Immigrants began to immigrate to Palest ine because of the mass discrimination they faced around the world (Benson). This later became a problem because both Jews and Arabs were fighting for the same land and the leaders both longed for power. â€Å"Later in the 1930’s, many Jews beganRead MoreThe Palestinian And Palestinian State3134 Words   |  13 Pages 4 Introduction 5 Israel and Palestine Early Affairs 6 UN Involvement 10 US and UK Government Relations 12 Conclusion Read MoreGlobal Effects Of The Cold War1311 Words   |  6 PagesAmanda Fuchs The Global Effects of the Cold War and Decolonization The Cold War, also known as what could have been the third world war, conquered the second half of the 20th century. This international crisis, beginning at the end of World War II, is defined as the period of tension between the United States and the Soviet Union. There are numerous reasons as to why many believed the Cold War commenced, one being that the Soviet Union wanted to spread its belief of communism worldwide, which inRead MoreQuaid E Azam7455 Words   |  30 PagesGovernor-General of Pakistan In office August 15, 1947 – September 11, 1948 Monarch George VI Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan Preceded by The Earl Mountbatten of Burma (as Viceroy of India) Succeeded by Khwaja Nazimuddin 1st Speaker of the National Assembly of Pakistan In office August 11, 1947 – September 11, 1948 Preceded by None Succeeded by Maulvi Tamizuddin Khan Born December 25, 1876 Karachi, Bombay Presidency, British India Died September 11, 1948 (aged 71) Karachi, Dominion of Pakistan EthnicityRead MoreThe Asian African Conference Of 19551250 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica s role in the project was, both as a regional bloc, and from the point of view of individual actors. It will bring nuance to the ways in which it was being conceived by the West, by the Third World, and by Latin Americans. I argue that Latin America’s engagement with the Third World Project followed multiple paths, intersecting with constituent groups within the broader collective tide of the Third World Project. The setting of this dissertation takes place during the Cold War, which isRead MoreIndi A Very Respectful Man And An Intellectual Leader1780 Words   |  8 Pagesis that many of Sardar Vallabhai Patel s actions greatly motivated individuals to aid India to overcome some of its struggles during and after India s independence; especially, by leading in protests such as the 1917 No Tax campaign, his achievement of uniting over five hundred Princely States after India had won independence, and his duties as Home Minister (1946) and Deputy Prime Minister (1947) of India, alongside with his involvement in India’s 1950’s Constitution. Resembling many importantRead MoreThe Arab Israeli Conflict And Arab Palestinian Conflict3221 Words   |  13 Pagesmany historical events in the development of Islam. This struggle between the two religions led to a battle for attaining sovereignty in the Middle East. The tension between the two peoples eventually escalated into the Israeli–Palestinian conflict in 1947, which in turn evolved and developed into the broader  Arab-Israeli conflict. To fully understand the viewpoints of both sides of this conflict and the history that comes with it, it is necessary to know the movements that are at the root of all theRead More20th Century Somalia1656 Words   |  7 Pagesformer British Protectorate of Somaliland and Italy’s former Trust Territory of Somalia. Somalia’s modern history began in the late 1800’s, when European powers began to trade and settle in the Somalia area. These events and the events that occurred during the 20th century helped shape the modern Somalia government and culture today. In 1886, the British gained control over northern Somalia through treaties by guaranteeing British protection to Somali chiefs who agreed to them. The British were

What does it mean to be an effective teacher free essay sample

A person who has enough knowledge about a particular topic may teach; however the question remains, does this make them an effective teacher? Even though there are many contributing factors that can affect a student’s performance such as physical, psychological, sociological, and economical, it should be noted that no student enters school as a â€Å"failure†. It comes down to the processes and procedures that the teacher employs, which are the main cause of student’s success or failure (Lembo, as cited in Westwood, 2004, p.79). An effective teacher will employ processes, procedure and attitudes that maximises understanding and enables a student to easily process and apply that learning to their daily lives. Furthermore, an effective teacher is a person who is able to encourage and motivate a student to promote a positive learning environment. Before discussing the aspects of effective teaching, it would be fitting to firstly discuss what teaching is. We will write a custom essay sample on What does it mean to be an effective teacher? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A teacher can be seen as a person who provides opportunities for students to learn. The teacher’s main goal is to relay information and to impart knowledge to the learner; however becoming an effective teacher is more than just a process of transmitting information onto students. It is about the ability to take â€Å"raw† content and transform that information into understandable and meaningful knowledge. By doing this, the student will be able to easily absorb this information and access deep knowledge. The process of accessing deep knowledge involves key steps which Killen (2005, p. 39) suggests are, †¦ identifying the important concepts and principles that students need to learn, organizing those concepts and principles into a coherent structure, devising effective ways of explaining the key ideas and their relationships, identifying themes and issues that will help students integrate their knowledge, and developing learning experiences that will lead students to deep understanding. Killen’s approach displays how students can be lead to deep understanding when a teacher identifies concepts, principles, themes and issues and explains this is in a structured manner. By doing this, a student can develop their learning and integrate their knowledge into another context. However before a teacher can lead a learner to deep understanding effectively, they must first have sound pedagogical knowledge. There are three aspects to Pedagogical knowledge. The first aspect of Pedagogical knowledge is knowledge of the content. In today’s teaching context, teachers need to have a deep understanding of subject matter, how one idea relates to another and to everyday life. This will help assist students in creating useful cognitive maps and address misconceptions. By having a great understanding of content, teachers will have a great base to make ideas accessible for others. The second aspect of Pedagogical knowledge is knowledge of teaching. Knowledge of teaching is about understanding the best ways to relay information onto their students. Teachers are required to access their deep knowledge and come up with the best ways to relay the concepts and principles in a way for students to easily understand and apply. The third aspect is knowledge of learning. Before a teacher can structure concepts, ideas and principles and effectively relay this information onto learners, they must understand how learners absorb information. As no student are the same, a teacher must understand that there are many different learning styles and each lesson needs to be designed to cater for each student’s learning needs (Killen, 2005). The importance of pedagogy contributes to ensuring a teacher is effective. It once again displays that through a strong understanding of content, teaching and learning knowledge, a teacher can promote intellectual quality, a positive learning environment and meaningful learning for all students regardless of their level of achievement or ability. In the Schools. tv video â€Å"Maths – A Lesson on Shapes†, Ms. Poole displays how the use of Pedagogical Knowledge is important to being an effective teacher. She uses her knowledge of subject matter to create a lesson that allows her to relate the information on to her students in such a way that enables them to relate it to the real world, for example finding right angles on a variety of different objects. She uses her teaching knowledge by creating a lesson that uses constructivism and scaffolding, which can be seen through group work. This promotes student interaction so students can bounce ideas off one another and challenge their thinking. Finally, by using different types of aids and constructing group activities for three different abilities, Ms. Poole has used her knowledge of learners to cater for different learner types and abilities (Davies, 2008). Effective teachers are those whom are prepared by having a well planned lesson plan as this determines the success or failure of the lesson. The follow up lesson plan â€Å"Mass – Comparing masses of objects using balance scales. †(Refer to Appendix 1), has been formulated to contain all aspects of Pedagogical knowledge to ensure the success of the lesson. It contains content knowledge, which is broken down and easy to read. This will ensure the teacher can effectively relay information onto students, which is easily understood. The lesson plan contains teacher knowledge through the connection to the curriculum and syllabus, timing and pace. By allowing for adequate timing and pace, a student can think through their knowledge and apply this to another context. Moreover, the lesson plan contains leaner knowledge as it adopts approaches such as group discussions, group work and scaffolding techniques to cater for the different learner types and abilities. To broaden the aspect of teacher and learner knowledge, there are many strategies such as group work, role-play or discussion that could be used to strengthen the understanding and deep knowledge in students (Barry and King, 2004). There are many factors when choosing the most appropriate strategy such as subject matter, age, ability and learner types however it is most important to choose a strategy based on what the teacher want students to achieve at the end of the lesson. For example, a teacher wanting to show a student how to throw a ball will use a demonstration as their teaching approach compared to a teacher wanting a student to explore a topic and analyse may use discovery learning. These two approaches use two different types of cognitive thinking (Barry and King, 2004). An effective teacher would choose strategies that enable students to think, reason and debate their understanding as this allows them to process content in their own way. Spady suggested (as cited in Killen, 2005, p. 36) that â€Å"all students can learn and succeed, but not in the same day or in the same way†. This means that each student has their own way to absorb information. It is important to remember that learning is a social experience so strategies that provide students enough time and opportunities to interact and discuss with each other will cater for different learner needs and allows students to absorb information in their preferred way and at their own pace (Killen, 2007, p. 73). There are two types of teaching strategies, which include teacher-centred and learner-centred. There are a number of differences between the two strategies such as how the lesson is organised, how interactive lessons are, what the teacher does and how learning is approached by the learners themselves. The teacher-centred approach is focused on the teacher being a transmitter of information and is a more direct approach where students have less control of what they are learning and how they learn it. Whereas Student-centred approaches are more focused on what students do to achieve the required outcome, not what the teachers do. It allows students more control in their role as a learner and how they learn the specified content. Some teacher-centred approaches include lectures, observations, direct instruction or expository teaching. Some student-centred approaches include constructivism, group work and discovery learning (Killen, 2007, p. 73). If a teacher only uses one approach, they will not allow for equal learning opportunities. Alexander has suggested (as cited in Weston, 2004, p. 87) that an effective teacher should have a combination of three approaches. The first approach is direct teaching. This will allow the teacher to instruct learners exactly what to do and how to do it. The second approach is enquiry. This enables students to get their ideas across, solve problems, challenges their thinking and assists students in reflecting on their learning. The third approach is scaffolding, which assists students in their learning and allows them to progress from one level to the next. By having a combination of teaching strategies a teacher will be able to cater for all learning needs. In the Schools. tv video, Ms. Poole uses a combination of strategies; however it is evident that the lesson is very student-centred. She starts the lesson with direct teaching. This allows her to instruct the class of what to do and how to do it. She uses enquiry and scaffolding throughout the lesson as seen in her group discussions and group work. The group discussions allow students to interact socially so they can exchange ideas and through group work, students are able to solve problems and challenge their own thinking. Moreover, by scaffolding her students, Ms. Poole ensures that her students can progress from one level of understanding to the next (Davies, 2008). By having a combination of teaching strategies, Ms. Poole can effectively cater for all learning needs. The follow up lesson plan (Refer to Appendix 1), takes on a mainly a student-centred approach; however like the previous lesson, it has a combination of teaching strategies to cater for all learners. The lesson beings with a direct teaching approach in order for the teacher to access prior knowledge and link this lesson to the previous. Throughout the lesson, enquiry is used through questioning and group work. This again allows students to interact socially and get their ideas across so they can challenge their thinking with other students. Finally, by having a mixed ability activity in this lesson, not only does the teach scaffold students, but the more able can scaffold the less able students. To again reiterate a point, by having a combination of teaching approaches and strategies a teacher will be able to cater for all students learning types, which will allow for more effective teaching. It is important to also note that an effective teacher is not just about what a teacher knows. It is also about the personality they have and the type of person they are. A teacher who may have all the knowledge in the world about teaching, but are really negative, arrogant or boring as a person may not get the respect or care of their students. This in effect may mean that a school experience for a student can be negative and student learning will diminish. A question put forward by Killen (as cited in Faull n. d) was, â€Å"What type of person does a teacher need to be in order to implement each of the elements of Quality Teaching Effectively? † The question asked by Killen is of great importance as it suggests effective teaching should include the emotional and mental outlook of the teacher as an individual. So what are the characteristics that separate good teachers from exceptional teachers? Killen (2005, p. 33) described exceptional teachers as knowledgeable, enthusiastic, confident, effective communicators, committed, compassionate, patient and persistent. Furthermore, they are resourceful, inventive, well organized, optimistic and ethical. Similarly, Batten, Marland, Khamis, Morgan and Morris (as cited in Westwood, 2004) has described a student’s view of a good teacher is a person who explains content well, makes lessons enjoyable, has a sense of humour, cares about students, is ready to listen and is understanding. Through extensive research, it is evident that effective teaching goes beyond pedagogical practices. An effective teacher has a particular set of characteristics, which allows them to motivate, encourage, understand and inspire students. In effect this contributes to a positive learning environment and effective learning. In the Schools. tv video, Ms. Poole has the characteristics of an effective teacher. Her statements are always positive and it is evident that she cares for her students, which can be seen through her reward system of â€Å"Star of the day†. Ms. Poole is helpful throughout her lesson and assists her students through scaffolding techniques. She encourages the class to help each other and makes the lesson a very interactive one (Davies, 2008). Through her characteristics as a person, Ms. Poole makes her lesson a positive learning environment, which motivates students and promotes learning. The follow up lesson plan (Please refer to Appendix 1) has been formulated to bring out characteristics of an effective teacher. Throughout the lesson, the teacher is required to be attentive, motivating and encourage all students. The teacher is to provide constructive feedback and scaffolding where necessary. By having group work and group discussion, it will promote social interaction so that the teacher can gage the level of understanding of all students. By being motivating, encouraging and providing constructive feedback, the teacher will be able to make the lesson fun, which will bring about a positive learning environment and promote learning. In conclusion, an effective teacher is a person who adopts processes, procedure and attitudes, which maximises student understanding. This can be done by having sound Pedagogical knowledge and using this knowledge to come up with appropriate strategies that enable students to effectively relay information onto students that is meaningful, easy for them to absorb and apply. Furthermore, by being caring understanding, encouraging and motivating a teacher can get the respect and care of their students, which will promote a positive learning environment.

Communispace free essay sample

Communispace offers a unique process for administering market research. It offers a view into the minds of the customers of a brand by building brand-focused online communities in order to enable members to communicate with each other and generate focus groups to discuss the product. A community is built as a long-term project; it continues to produce valuable information for companies over the course of its existence. The business model utilized by Communispace helps to provide facilitation and management powered by technology and innovation. Communispace differentiates itself by focusing on the strategy of building online communities that act as an invaluable resource for testing ideas, generating feedback and exploring customers mindsets. Communispace can begin its analysis within 24 hours of launching an online community as it reaches out to a particular subset of people that would be most interested in commenting on and speaking about a particular product. A Word of Mouth campaign utilizes a different strategy. We will write a custom essay sample on Communispace or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A targeted community would receive the product in the mail and would then ideally spread word around about the product to friends and neighbors. This campaign, while a beneficial tool for market research, was not a tool that Communispace utilized. There were many competitors that were better at this method. Simmons is a highly recognized FMCG company holding 20 brands that are found in over 95% of US households. Simmons wanted to promote its new organic product for weight conscious consumers via Communispace using word-of-mouth. The business problem being faced by Communispace was that it could not determine whether it would be undermining its strengths and strategy by taking this type of project or whether it would be detrimental to turn such an influential client down. The case states the communities are built on the foundations of sense of trust and the feeling that their contributions are really making a difference for the company. Communispace built its business on a strategy that reached potential customers by building online communities and did not serve the purpose of receiving a free product and talking about it outside the community. As Julie Wittes Schlack, Senior Vice President of Innovation and Design and a cofounder of Communispace points out in the case, the company’s growth depended solely on its core competency. Moreover, due to low entry to barrier into this particular arena of market research, there were many other competitors that had built their competitive advantage on doing word of mouth campaigns. So another problem that Communispace would be to weigh the options of benefits gained by entering into this WOM arena where they have no real advantage versus the damage they might incur by compromising on their core competency. In my opinion, Communispace should focus on the strategy that has defined them and not sacrifice their identity and corporate strategy. From the success and expansion of Communispace it is clear that they have gotten their process for building communities down to a science, thus allowing companies to not only to listen, but learn. Flipping this model on its head not only would completely alter the process in which companies engage in with their community, but it would also make for a far less exact science in what Communispace does? Moreover, word of mouth is something that can’t be manufactured to find success repeatedly, rather it should happen organically and not by force. Hence, making that a core competence for Communispace would prove exceedingly difficult because it is difficult to draw the valuation of a successful WOM and then repeatedly recreate its success. That is how would Communispace measure the effectiveness of the WOM campaigns? In the present scenario, they can provide their clients with reports and analysis on the conversations in the community, but how would they measure how effective their members are outside the community? Though advertising and creative marketing campaigns can spur word of mouth, a community approach would seem as a dishonest approach with a possibility of no results or backfiring on the credibility of the community. This, in turn would hamper the reputation that Communispace enjoys and might be detrimental to its social health in the long run as it would incite distrust amongst its community members which might lead to loss of present clients. The intense competition that Communispace will face, the potential loss of credibility of community members when they understand that the community is only for advertisement and the short-lived nature of WOM campaigns, hence, the campaign-fuelled business can undermine the long-time subscription model are reasons that support the decision to stick to their core services and not digress into an arena that utilises a model that is completely dissimilar to Communispace’s original one.